World's Climates

The Köppen Climate Classification System is the most widely used for classifying the world's climates. Most classification systems used today are based on the one introduced in 1900 by the Russian-German climatologist Wladimir Köppen.
The climate depends of a lot of factors, that includes: Latitude, Continentality, Ocean Currents and Terrain.
The Köppen system recognizes five major climate types based on the annual and monthly averages of temperature and precipitation.

• Tropical Climates are known for their high temperatures year round and for their large amount of year round rain.
  
  
• Dry Climates are characterized by little rain and a huge daily temperature range. [It has two subgroups: the semiarid or steppe and the arid or desert].
  
  
• In Humid Middle Latitude Climates land/water differences play a large part. These climates have warm, dry summers and cool, wet winters.
  
  
• Continental Climates can be found in the interior regions of large land masses. The total precipitation isn't very high and seasonal temperatures vary widely.
  
  
• Cold Climates describe this climate type perfectly. These climates are part of areas where permanent ice and tundra are always present. Only about four months of the year have above freezing temperatures.

But as you know, the climate is change because of the global warming, so in the future will be totally different... Our generation have to act now!

Sources: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification